How is residential real property typically depreciated according to MACRS?

Residential real property is typically depreciated according to the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) using the straight-line method. This method spreads the depreciation evenly over the useful life of the property, which is set at 27.5 years for residential rental property.

Utilizing the straight-line method provides a consistent and predictable expense deduction each year, simplifying financial planning for investors in residential real estate. The straight-line approach is advantageous because it does not accelerate the deductions like some other methods, which can lead to higher initial deductions that might complicate future tax filings when the property is sold.

In contrast, methods like the declining balance or double declining balance are more aggressive and allow for larger deductions in the earlier years, which is not typical for residential real estate depreciation under MACRS. The sum-of-the-years-digits method also results in quicker depreciation than the straight-line method, making it unsuitable for residential properties under the current MACRS regulations.